NCLEX Practice Test

Which condition is most likely to hinder healing in a client who has sustained a right tibia-fibula fracture from a fall?

1. BMI of 29.5

2. Family history of osteoporosis

3. History of a daily glass of wine

4. Peripheral arterial disease

The correct answer is: BMI of 29.5

The condition that most significantly hinders healing in a client with a right tibia-fibula fracture is peripheral arterial disease. This is primarily due to its impact on blood flow. Peripheral arterial disease leads to narrowed arteries, which in turn restricts blood supply to the extremities. Healing from fractures relies heavily on sufficient blood circulation to deliver essential nutrients and oxygen to the healing tissues. Without adequate blood flow, the body cannot effectively respond to the injury and may lead to complications such as delayed healing or even non-union of the fracture. While other factors may play a role in the overall health of the client, they do not directly impact the healing process as severely as peripheral arterial disease. A body mass index (BMI) of 29.5, while indicating potential obesity, is less critical in the context of immediate healing compromised primarily by decreased blood flow. Family history of osteoporosis could suggest a predisposition to weaker bones, but it does not impede the healing of an existing fracture. A daily glass of wine may have cultural implications or personal health considerations but is not strongly associated with impaired bone healing compared to the effects of reduced blood supply seen in peripheral arterial disease.