NCLEX Practice Test

Which dietary recommendation is most appropriate for clients with end-stage renal disease?

1. Include foods high in potassium

2. Avoid foods high in potassium

3. Increase intake of potassium-rich foods

4. Limit sodium intake

The correct answer is: Include foods high in potassium

Clients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) often face challenges in managing electrolyte levels, particularly potassium. Elevated potassium levels can lead to serious complications, such as hyperkalemia, which can affect heart function and overall health. Therefore, the most appropriate dietary recommendation in this case is to avoid foods high in potassium. This approach helps prevent the accumulation of potassium in the body, which can occur due to the kidneys' inability to excrete it properly in ESRD. Foods that are high in potassium include bananas, oranges, potatoes, and tomatoes. By limiting these foods in their diet, clients with ESRD can maintain better potassium balance, ultimately promoting better health outcomes and reducing the risk of cardiac issues. In addition, limiting sodium intake is also crucial for managing blood pressure and fluid retention, but the priority concerning potassium management makes avoiding high-potassium foods the most appropriate recommendation in this scenario.