NCLEX Practice Test

Which item would be best to include in the meal plan for a client with end-stage renal disease and a serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L (5.2 mmol/L)?

1. Black beans and rice, sliced tomatoes, half a cantaloupe

2. Grilled chicken sandwich on white bread, applesauce

3. Hamburger patty on whole wheat bun, carrot sticks, chocolate pudding

4. Poached salmon, green peas, baked potato, strawberries

The correct answer is: Black beans and rice, sliced tomatoes, half a cantaloupe

The best item to include in the meal plan for a client with end-stage renal disease and a serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L is the option that is the most supportive of managing potassium intake, which is crucial for patients with renal concerns. In this case, black beans and rice, sliced tomatoes, and half a cantaloupe would be considered because they can provide a balanced source of carbohydrates and protein while being relatively low in potassium compared to some of the other choices. However, it's important to note that black beans and cantaloupe are higher in potassium; their inclusion should be carefully evaluated based on portion sizes. Options like the grilled chicken sandwich on white bread with applesauce would generally be acceptable as they provide protein without excessive potassium. Similarly, the hamburger patty, carrot sticks, and chocolate pudding typically contain less potassium than other high-potassium foods, which might be more suitable for potassium-sensitive clients, but they may also have higher phosphorus content that needs to be monitored. Furthermore, the poached salmon, green peas, baked potato, and strawberries are items that are higher in potassium. Baked potatoes and green peas, in particular, should be limited as they can significantly elevate serum potassium levels. Overall, selecting meals that